In Situ Cellular Response Underlying Successful Treatment of Mucosal Leishmaniasis with a Combination of Pentavalent Antimonial and Pentoxifylline.

In Situ Cellular Response Underlying Successful Treatment of Mucosal Leishmaniasis with a Combination of Pentavalent Antimonial and Pentoxifylline. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019 Jun 17;: Authors: Rodrigues de Faria D, Barbieri LC, Koh CC, Lima Machado PR, Barreto CC, Figueiredo de Lima CM, Lessa MM, Carvalho E, Gollob KJ, Dutra WO Abstract Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is characterized by high production of inflammatory cytokines. Administration of pentoxifylline (PTX), an inhibitor of TNF-alpha, with pentavalent antimony (Sbv), has been successfully used as alternative treatment for refractory ML. Our study aims to investigate the in situ cellular response underlying the effectiveness of this therapy, by evaluating the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, cellular composition, and expression of cytokines and granzyme A in lesions from ML before and after treatment with Sbv alone or in combination with PTX. Our data showed no differences in the intensity of inflammatory infiltrate comparing before and after treatment, and comparing between different treatments. However, although the number and frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ cells were not different before and after treatments or comparing different treatments, frequency of CD68+ cells decreased after treatment with Sbv + PTX, but not with Sbv. This was due to a reduction in CD68+ TNF-alpha+ and not in CD68+ IL-10+ cells. The frequency of TNF-alpha+ cells was correlated with the intensity of ...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research