Impact of alemtuzumab pharmacokinetics on T-cell dynamics, graft-versus-host disease and viral reactivation in patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation with an alemtuzumab-based T-cell-depleted graft.

Impact of alemtuzumab pharmacokinetics on T-cell dynamics, graft-versus-host disease and viral reactivation in patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation with an alemtuzumab-based T-cell-depleted graft. Transpl Immunol. 2019 Jun 14;: Authors: Loeff FC, van Egmond EHM, Moes DJAR, Wijnands C, Von Dem Borne PA, Veelken H, Falkenburg JHF, Jedema I, Halkes CJM Abstract Administration of alemtuzumab (targeting the CD52 antigen) to the patient (in-vivo) or to the graft (in-vitro) before allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) decreases the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Effectiveness of this treatment relies on depletion of donor T cells. Currently, no data are available on alemtuzumab pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients who received combined in-vivo and in-vitro alemtuzumab-based T-cell depletion. In this prospective study, we analyzed alemtuzumab pharmacokinetics and its effect on the circulating T cells in 36 patients who received an allogeneic T-cell-depleted graft by addition of 20 mg alemtuzumab "to the bag" with or without prior alemtuzumab (30 mg cumulative dose intravenously) as part of the conditioning regimen. Effective T-cell depletion was shown for all patients, even though alemtuzumab plasma levels varied considerably. Peak alemtuzumab levels were observed directly after graft infusion and were not associated with the number of circulating T cells pre-infusion, but with pla...
Source: Transplant Immunology - Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Tags: Transpl Immunol Source Type: research