Hepatocyte growth control by SOCS1 and SOCS3.

Hepatocyte growth control by SOCS1 and SOCS3. Cytokine. 2019 May 29;121:154733 Authors: Khan MGM, Ghosh A, Variya B, Santharam MA, Kandhi R, Ramanathan S, Ilangumaran S Abstract The extraordinary capacity of the liver to regenerate following injury is dependent on coordinated and regulated actions of cytokines and growth factors. Whereas hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are direct mitogens to hepatocytes, inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-6 also play essential roles in the liver regeneration process. These cytokines and growth factors activate different signaling pathways in a sequential manner to elicit hepatocyte proliferation. The kinetics and magnitude of these hepatocyte-activating stimuli are tightly regulated to ensure restoration of a functional liver mass without causing uncontrolled cell proliferation. Hepatocyte proliferation can become deregulated under conditions of chronic inflammation, leading to accumulation of genetic aberrations and eventual neoplastic transformation. Among the control mechanisms that regulate hepatocyte proliferation, negative feedback inhibition by the 'suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)' family proteins SOCS1 and SOCS3 play crucial roles in attenuating cytokine and growth factor signaling. Loss of SOCS1 or SOCS3 in the mouse liver increases the rate of liver regeneration and renders hepatocytes susceptible to neoplastic transformation. The frequent e...
Source: Cytokine - Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tags: Cytokine Source Type: research