Sarcoma – Signs, Histology, and Treatment

Pathophysiology of Soft Tissue Sarcoma 1) sarcomas of the soft tissue are a family of neoplasms affecting the soft tissue of the body Causes 2) previous radiation 3) HIV 4) genetic predisposition such as L-Fraumeni syndrome 5) asbestosis 6) congenital immunodeficiences 7) dioxin exposure 8) Herpes virus Signs and Symptoms 1) most common presentation is an enlarging mass 2) pain 3) neuralgia and neurologic deficits, if the tumor encases a nerve structure 4) metastases are usually via the blood system and most commonly go to the lungs Characteristic Test Findings Radiology – mass on MRI Histology/Gross Pathology 1) most bone-forming sarcomas can also occasionally arise from soft tissue 2) there are approximately 20 different types of soft tissue sarcomas 3) leiomyomasarcoma – interwoven spindle cells 4) angiosarcoma – highly vascular 5) liposarcoma – prominent lipoblasts 6) malignant fibrous histiocytoma – mixture of round histiocytic cells and fibrous spindle cells in a storiform pattern 7) rhabdomyosarcoma – sheets of homogenous small cells or pleomorphic cells with pink, striated cytoplasm Microscopic H and E stain of an angiosarcoma Biochemistry 1) some tumors have germline abnormalities of tumor-suppressor p53 2) some tumors have germline abnormalities of Rb-1 (chromosome 13) 3) some tumors produce insulin-like growth factor, which acts to promote metastatic spread Inheritance/Epidemiology 1) 6000 new cases per year in USA 2) rare for ...
Source: Inside Surgery - Category: Surgeons Authors: Tags: Oncology angiosarcoma leimyosarcoma malignant fibrous histiocytosis p53 Schwannoma tumor suppressor Source Type: blogs