The local properties of bold signal fluctuations at rest monitor inhibitory control training in adolescents

Publication date: Available online 25 May 2019Source: Developmental Cognitive NeuroscienceAuthor(s): Emilie Salvia, Cloélia Tissier, Sylvain Charron, Paul Herent, Julie Vidal, Stéphanie Lion, Mathieu Cassotti, Catherine Oppenheim, Olivier Houdé, Grégoire Borst, Arnaud CachiaAbstractInhibitory control (IC) plays a critical role in cognitive and socio-emotional development. Short-term IC training improves IC abilities in children and adults. Surprisingly, few studies have investigated the IC training effect during adolescence, a developmental period characterized by high neuroplasticity and the protracted development of IC abilities. We investigated behavioural and functional brain changes induced by a 5-week computerized and adaptive IC training in adolescents. We focused on the IC training effects on the local properties of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) signal fluctuations at rest (i.e., Regional Homogeneity [ReHo] and fractional Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuations [fALFF]). Sixty adolescents were randomly assigned to either an IC or an active control training group. In the pre- and post-training sessions, cognitive (‘Cool’) and emotional (‘Hot’) IC abilities were assessed using the Colour-Word and Emotional Stroop tasks. We found that ReHo and fALFF signals in IC areas (IFG, ACC, Striatum) were associated with IC efficiency at baseline. This association was different for Cool and Hot IC. Analyses also revealed that ReHo and fALFF signals were s...
Source: Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience - Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research