EAA clinical practice guidelines —gynecomastia evaluation and management

ConclusionsThe purpose of GM assessment should be the detection of underlying pathological conditions, reversible causes (administration/abuse of aggravating substances), and the discrimination from other breast lumps, particularly breast cancer. Assessment should comprise a thorough medical history and physical examination of the breast and genitalia (including testicular ultrasound). A set of laboratory investigations may integrate the evaluation: testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), sex hormone ‐binding globulin (SHBG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), alpha‐fetal protein (AFP), liver and renal function tests. Breast imaging may be used whenever the clinical examination is e quivocal. In suspicious lesions, core needle biopsy should be sought directly instead. Watchful waiting is recommended after treatment of underlying pathology or discontinuation of substances associated with GM. T treatment should be offered to men with proven T deficiency. The use of selective estr ogen receptor modulators (SERMs), aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and non‐aromatizable androgens is not justified in general. Surgical treatment is the therapy of choice for patients with long‐lasting GM.Summary of Statements (S) and Recommendations (R)S1. Gynecomastia (GM) is a benign proliferation of glandular tissue of the breast in males.S2. GM of infancy is a common condition that usually re...
Source: Andrology - Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tags: Original Article Source Type: research