The nephrotoxicity of new immunotherapies.

The nephrotoxicity of new immunotherapies. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Apr 29;: Authors: Sury K, Perazella MA Abstract INTRODUCTION: Advanced cancers that did not respond to chemotherapy were once a death sentence, but now there are newer therapies utilizing the patient's own immune system to fight cancer that are proving effective in chemotherapy-refractory malignancies. However, this success against cancer cells may be accompanied by immune-related adverse events that can affect the kidneys. Areas Covered: Using Medline and Scopus, we compiled all publications pertaining to ICPI and CAR T-cell therapy through February 2019. The focus of this review is discussion of two new cancer therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, with attention to the reported kidney-related adverse effects. Expert Opinion: Autoimmunity is repressed by molecular pathways that inhibit T-cell activation against selected antigens. These self-protective mechanisms have been appropriated by tumor cells as a means of evading immune detection and destruction. New immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy incite an aggressive immune response directed against tumor cells. This unrestrained activation of the immune system may result in kidney injury via multiple mechanisms. PMID: 31035801 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research