MicroRNA Post-transcriptional Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Immunopathologies

MicroRNA Post-transcriptional Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Immunopathologies

Gulcin Tezcan1, Ekaterina V. Martynova1, Zarema E. Gilazieva1, Alan McIntyre2, Albert A. Rizvanov1 and Svetlana F. Khaiboullina1,3*

1Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
2Centre for Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
3Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, United States

Inflammation has a crucial role in protection against various pathogens. The inflammasome is an intracellular multiprotein signaling complex that is linked to pathogen sensing and initiation of the inflammatory response in physiological and pathological conditions. The most characterized inflammasome is the NLRP3 inflammasome, which is a known sensor of cell stress and is tightly regulated in resting cells. However, altered regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is found in several pathological conditions, including autoimmune disease and cancer. NLRP3 expression was shown to be post-transcriptionally regulated and multiple miRNA have been implicated in post-transcriptional regulation of the inflammasome. Therefore, in recent years, miRNA based post-transcriptional control of NLRP3 has become a focus of much research, especially as a potential therapeutic approach. In this review, we provide a summary of the recent investigations on the role of miRNA...

Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 30, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research