A Novel Paradigm Between Leukocytosis, G-CSF Secretion, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, and Prognosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Conclusions
Collectively, tumor-related leukocytosis has been largely ignored and understanding the mechanisms underlying this process may lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers and targets for the prognostication and management of patients with NSCLC. Large prospective studies are necessary to elicit whether there is a direct correlation between G-CSF, leukocytosis, MDSCs, NLR and prognosis in NSCLC, and to assess whether dynamic changes in G-CSF and MDSCs could be used to monitor disease progression and response to therapy. Further elucidating the contribution of G-CSF and MDSCs to malignant pathogenesis may also prove critical to understanding the mechanism by which NLR correlates with prognosis and to the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting the GCSF- MDSC pathway as anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic and immunomodulatory therapies.
Author Contributions
MT wrote the manuscript. CRW, JVM and MJM revised the article.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
References
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Source: Frontiers in Oncology - Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
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