Pharmacological intervention in the field of ototoxicity.

Pharmacological intervention in the field of ototoxicity. HNO. 2019 Apr 16;: Authors: Laurell G Abstract Modern research on ototoxicity goes back to the 1940s, when streptomycin was introduced into clinical practice. Today, aminoglycoside antibiotics and platinum-based chemotherapy, mainly cisplatin, are the most important drugs that damage the inner ear and cause hearing loss. The mode of drug administration as well as drug characteristics influence the likelihood that adequate monitoring of drug pharmacokinetics can be performed. It is not possible to predict the individual risk of treatment with an ototoxic drug, but identification of high-risk treatment protocols is important. There are many studies ongoing with the aim of discovering and developing drugs to treat different types of inner ear disorders. The mechanisms of ototoxicity and subsequent loss of hearing function have been mapped in various experimental models and have provided us with useful information for developing protective treatment. When an ototoxic lesion is established, restoration of hearing function becomes more difficult. For both aminoglycoside antibiotics and cisplatin, a large number of otoprotectors have been suggested. Systemic co-administration of an otoprotector would be the easiest approach to avoid ototoxicity in patients but it may negatively affect the intended pharmacotherapeutic aim of the ototoxic drug. New pharmacological formulations are bei...
Source: HNO - Category: ENT & OMF Tags: HNO Source Type: research