Influences of stress hormones on microbial infections

Publication date: Available online 11 April 2019Source: Microbial PathogenesisAuthor(s): Emmanuel Konadu Sarkodie, Muhammad Naveed, Ali Asghar Mirjat, Muhammad Saeed, Shuxin Zhou, Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig, Sarah Ama Baidoo, Awais Ullah Ihsan, Kalyan Bikram Shah, Abdullahi Ayuba, Daniel Chikere Ali, Weihua ChuAbstractStress hormones have been recently suggested to influence the pathogenicity of bacteria significantly. Stress has been identified as part of the factors causing an outbreak of infections in the aquaculture industry. The most studied neuroendocrine hormonal family from a microbial endocrinology perspective is the catecholamine comprising of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. It is of importance that catecholamine affects the growth and virulence of bacteria. The influence of stress on bacterial infections is attributed to the ability of catecholamines to suppress the immune system as the mode of action for increased bacterial growth. Catecholamines have increased the growth of bacteria, virulence-associated factors, adhesions, and biofilm formation and consequently influence the outcome of infections by these bacteria in many hosts. The siderophores and the ferric iron transport system plays a vital role in the mechanism by which catecholamines stimulates growth and exposure of genes to stress hormones enhances the expression of genes involved in bacterial virulence. In recent years, it has been discovered that intestinal microflora takes part in bi...
Source: Microbial Pathogenesis - Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research