The Long Pentraxin PTX3 as a Humoral Innate Immunity Functional Player and Biomarker of Infections and Sepsis
In conclusion, this study confirmed in a large and controlled population that PTX3 levels are highly increased in severe sepsis and even more in septic shock, and that impaired normalization or reduction of PTX3 levels in the first days predicts multiorgan dysfunction and risk of mortality.
The latter study, and many others, showed that PTX3 concentration dropped immediately following effective treatment during ICU stay, suggesting that monitoring PTX3 levels could be useful to follow responsiveness to therapy (67, 70–72).
While there is a general consensus on the increase of PTX3 plasma levels in septic patients, and the correlation with severity from SIRS to sepsis and septic shock, the diagnostic superiority of PTX3 over other biomarkers, such as PCT, IL-6, CRP and lactate, is still under debate. A possible strategy to increase the diagnostic accuracy is to analyse simultaneously a combination of different biomarkers (Figure 2). In a prospective analysis, the changes in plasma levels of PTX3, PCT and lactate during the first week in ICU stay were compared to severity scores of sepsis (SOFA and APACHE II). All the biomarkers correlated with SOFA and APACHE II and were associated with 28-day mortality by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis (75). A model combining these three biomarkers improved significantly mortality prediction of patients with sepsis (75). Similarly, PTX3 in combination with IL-6 improved the risk stratification of patients with s...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
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