Severe mediastinitis over a month after endobronchial ultrasound ‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration

Mediastinitis is a concerning acute or subacute complication of endobronchial ultrasound ‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA). The median time of mediastinitis onset is approximately 12 days after EBUS‐TBNA. Here we present the first report, to the best of our knowledge, of mediastinitis occurring over a month after EBUS‐TBNA in two patients. Although endobronchial ultrasound ‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) has been reported to be a minimally invasive and relatively safe procedure, mediastinitis is a serious complication related to the procedure. The median time of mediastinitis onset is approximately 12 days after EBUS‐TBNA. Here we report t wo rare cases with mediastinitis onset 40 and 53 days after EBUS‐TBNA. Surgical drainage was performed since systemic treatment with antibiotics was insufficient in both cases.Eikenella corrodens, which is a slow ‐growing microorganism, was identified as the causative pathogen in one case. To our knowledge, this is the first report of mediastinitis occurring over a month after EBUS‐TBNA. Clinicians should consider the diagnosis of mediastinitis even if symptoms appear over a month after EBUS‐TBNA.

Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 8, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kana Kurokawa, Tetsuhiko Asao, Ryo Ko, Tetsutaro Nagaoka, Kenji Suzuki, Kazuhisa Takahashi Tags: Case Report Source Type: research