Lysosome motility and distribution: Relevance in health and disease

Publication date: Available online 21 March 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of DiseaseAuthor(s): Juan Esteban Oyarzún, Jonathan Lagos, Mary Carmen Vázquez, Cristian Valls, Catalina De la Fuente, María Isabel Yuseff, Alejandra R. Alvarez, Silvana ZanlungoAbstractLysosomes are dynamic organelles, which can fuse with a variety of targets and undergo constant regeneration. They can move along microtubules in a retrograde and anterograde fashion by using motor proteins, kinesin and dynein, being main players in extracellular secretion, intracellular components degradation and recycling. Moreover, lysosomes interact with other intracellular organelles to regulate their turnover, such as ER, mitochondria and peroxisomes.The correct localization of lysosomes is relevant in several physiological processes, including appropriate antigen presentation, neurotransmission and receptors modulation in neuronal synapsis, whereas hepatic lysosomes and autophagy are master regulators of nutrient homeostasis.Alterations in lysosome function due to mutation of genes encoding lysosomal proteins, soluble hydrolases as well as membrane proteins, lead to lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). Lysosomes containing undegraded substrates are finally stacked and therefore miss positioned inside the cell, leading to lysosomal dysfunction, which impacts a wide range of cellular functions.

Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - March 21, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research