Recent advances in our understanding of mast cell activation - or should it be mast cell mediator disorders?

Recent advances in our understanding of mast cell activation - or should it be mast cell mediator disorders? Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2019 Mar 18;: Authors: Theoharides TC, Tsilioni I, Ren H Abstract INTRODUCTION: An increasing number of patients present with multiple symptoms affecting many organs including the brain due to multiple mediators released by mast cells. These unique tissue immune cells are critical for allergic reactions triggered by IgE, but are also stimulated (not activated) by immune, drug, environmental, food, infectious, and stress triggers, leading to secretion of multiple mediators often without histamine and tryptase. The presentation, diagnosis and management of the spectrum of mast cell disorders is very confusing. As a result, specialists have recently excluded neuropsychiatric symptoms, and made the diagnostic criteria stricter, at the expense of excluding most patients. Areas covered: A literature search was performed on papers published between January 1990 and November 2018 using MEDLINE. Terms used were activation, antihistamines, atopy, autism, brain fog, heparin, KIT mutation, IgE, inflammation, IL-6, IL-31, IL-37, luteolin, mast cells, mastocytosis, mediators, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, mycotoxins, release, secretion, tetramethoxyluteolin, tryptase. Expert commentary: Conditions associated with elevated serum or urine levels of any mast cell mediator, in the absence of any co...
Source: Expert Review of Clinical Immunology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Expert Rev Clin Immunol Source Type: research