Slc26 Family of Anion Transporters in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Expression, Function, Regulation, and Role in Disease.

Slc26 Family of Anion Transporters in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Expression, Function, Regulation, and Role in Disease. Compr Physiol. 2019 Mar 15;9(2):839-872 Authors: Seidler U, Nikolovska K Abstract SLC26 family members are multifunctional transporters of small anions, including Cl- , HCO3 - , sulfate, oxalate, and formate. Most SLC26 isoforms act as secondary (coupled) anion transporters, while others mediate uncoupled electrogenic transport resembling Cl- channels. Of the 11 described SLC26 isoforms, the SLC26A1,2,3,6,7,9,11 are expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, where they participate in salt and water transport, surface pH-microclimate regulation, affect the microbiome composition, the absorption, and secretion of oxalate and sulfate, and other functions that require further study. Several intestinal or extra-intestinal diseases are related to SLC26A mutations. Patients with congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD) suffer from Cl- -rich acidic diarrhea and systemic alkalosis due to SLC26A3 mutations. Patients with osteochondrodysplastic syndromes experience skeletal defects due to SLC26A2 mutations, resulting in defective sulfate absorption in enterocytes and sulfate uptake in chondrocytes. Because of functional interactions between SLC26 and other proteins, such as the Cl- channel CFTR, some of the intestinal cystic fibrosis manifestations may be attributed to impaired SLC26 isoform localization and function. The altered exp...
Source: Comprehensive Physiology - Category: Physiology Tags: Compr Physiol Source Type: research