Benefits of tree nuts consumption on aging and age-related diseases: mechanisms of actions

Conclusions: Scientific evidences recommend the inclusion of tree nuts into the diet of mature adults. The consumption of tree nuts can mitigate the pro-inflammatory effects of Western diets and diminish the inflammation by decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and inflammatory molecules. Tree nuts modulate the Nrf2/EpRE and NF-κB signaling pathways, present cytoprotection, stimulate antioxidant and detox enzyme systems, and reduce inflammatory conditions. Similarly to calorie restriction, tree nuts positively affect the same specific cell signaling pathways: down-regulate PI3K/Akt/mTor and insulin/IGF-1, prevent mitochondrial dysfunctions, promote mitochondrial biogenesis and energy homeostasis. Tree nuts intake can hinder the installation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype and have a senolytic capacity. Through the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action, they are potentially anti-tumoral. By inhibiting mTOR signaling pathways, but also via epigenetic mechanisms, such as obstructing DNA methylation or histone and microARN modulation, nuts act as carcinogenesis inhibitors. Consumption of tree nuts can positively influence many risk factors associated with chronic diseases related to aging, improve and extend healthspan and lifespan.
Source: Trends in Food Science and Technology - Category: Food Science Source Type: research