Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease review and IL10/IL10R colitis as a model disease to identify the journey to understand immune homeostasis and immunedysregulation.

Publication date: Available online 12 March 2019Source: International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineAuthor(s): Yousef Almana, Reem MohammedAbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous group of disorders composed mainly of Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) and Undetermined IBD. The peak incidence of occurrence is mainly beyond the pediatric age group. Recent knowledge about genetic factors had been strongly linked to pediatric IBD (PIBD). Recent advances in genomic technologies have prompted the identification of genetic defects underlying rare, very early‐onset IBD (VEO‐IBD) as a disease subgroup noted especially in populations with higher consanguinity rates. A better understanding of key players in the complex homeostasis of the immune system in the gut and illustrating the relationships between intestinal microbiome, systemic immune dysregulation, primary immunodeficiency has received growing recognition over the years. In this review article, we provide a review of the key players of the immunity of the gut, compare between adult and pediatric IBD as an interesting module to investigate the relationship between monogenic and multifactorial/polygenic diseases, list genetic mutations confirmed to be linked to VEO IBD and summarizes the scientific work that led to the discovery of one of the monogenic mutations related to infantile colitis, namely IL10 and IL10 receptor defects.
Source: International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine - Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research