Serum promotes vasculogenic mimicry through the EphA2/VE-cadherin/AKT pathway in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells

Publication date: Available online 21 February 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Changhwan Yeo, Hyo-Jeong Lee, Eun-Ok LeeAbstractAimsSerum is widely used for in vitro cell culture of eukaryotic cells. Although serum is well known to affect various biological activities in cancer cells, its effect in vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is not yet fully defined. Thus, this study investigated the role of serum in VM in human prostate cancer (PCa) PC-3 cells.Main methodsInvasion assay and 3D culture VM tube formation assay are performed. VM-related molecules are checked by western blot and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Nuclear twist is detected by confocal after twist-FITC/DAPI double staining.Key findingsSerum dramatically induced not only invasion but also VM. Serum increased the phosphorylation of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A2 (EphA2) without affecting EphA2 expression. Both the protein and mRNA expression levels of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) are up-regulated by serum. Twist expression was increased in the nucleus by serum. Serum activated AKT through phosphorylation, despite the unchanged AKT expression. Serum caused an increase in matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and laminin subunit 5 gamma-2 (LAMC2) protein expressions. Wortmannin, a phosphoinositide-3-kinase inhibitor, significantly decreased serum-induced invasion and VM.SignificanceThese results demonstrated that serum activates EphA2 and up-regulates twist/VE-cadherin, which in...
Source: Life Sciences - Category: Biology Source Type: research