Brain penetration of ketamine: Intranasal delivery VS parentetal routes of administraion

Publication date: Available online 20 February 2019Source: Journal of Psychiatric ResearchAuthor(s): Vivian Naidoo, Sipho Mdanda, Sphamandla Ntshangase, Tricia Naicker, Hendrik G. Kruger, Thavendran Govender, Panjasaram Naidoo, Sooraj BaijnathAbstractKetamine is approved by the FDA to be used as an anesthetic however, recent reports have exhibited its success in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Studies have suggested that a sub-anesthetic dose produces rapid antidepressant activity providing significant symptomatic relief particularly in patients with a history of treatment resistant depression (TRD). Many reports have been published on the intranasal (IN) efficacy of ketamine in the treatment of depression, however studies that have investigated the effects of the route of administration on drug delivery to the brain appear to be absent in literature. Therefore, in this study, a single dose (15 mg/kg body weight) was administered via different routes of administration [oral (PO), intranasal (IN) and intraperitoneal (IP)] to healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats in order to determine the brain tissue pharmacokinetics of ketamine. A novel validated liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed using a fused core column for the determination of ketamine in plasma and brain homogenates. While IP administration resulted in favorable concentrations in the brain and plasma; IN administration, which is supposed to favour drug delivery to the brai...
Source: Journal of Psychiatric Research - Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research