Innate immune response profiles in pigs injected with vaccine adjuvants polydi(sodium carboxylatoethylphenoxy)phosphazene (PCEP) and Emulsigen

Publication date: Available online 6 February 2019Source: Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyAuthor(s): Royford Magiri, Ken Lai, Yanyun Huang, George Mutwiri, Heather L. WilsonAbstractVaccines are formulated with adjuvants to enhance or direct antigen-specific immune responses against pathogens. However, the mechanisms of action (MOA) of adjuvants are not well understood and are under-investigated in large animal species. We have previously reported that injection of mice induced innate immune responses as indicated by increased cell recruitment and cytokine production at the site of injection with polyphosphazene (PCEP) adjuvant. In the present study, we evaluated whether PCEP induced similar innate immune responses in pigs. Piglets were injected with either PCEP or Emulsigen intradermally (I.D.) and the local cellular infiltration and cytokine production were evaluated at the site of injection and the draining lymph nodes. PCEP induced infiltration of macrophages, T and B cells, leucocytes and necrotic debris at the site of injection as well as PCEP-induced leucocyte infiltration in the draining lymph nodes. Emulsigen induced diffuse infiltration of leucocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes at the site of injection as well as at the draining lymph nodes. PCEP induced significant production of interleukin IL-1β, and IL-13 at the site of injection and IL-1β, and IL-6 at the draining lymph nodes. Emulsigen promoted the production of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12 at the site o...
Source: Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology - Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research