Empyema caused by infection with Clostridium septicum in a patient with lung cancer

ABSTRACT Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is defined as the presence of obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m ²) and daytime arterial hypercapnia (PaCO2 ≥ 45 mmHg) in the absence of other causes of hypoventilation. OHS is often overlooked and confused with other conditions associated with hypoventilation, particularly COPD. The recognition of OHS is important because of its high prevalence and the fact that, if left untreated, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the present review, we address recent advances in the pathophysiology and management of OHS, the usefulness of determination of venous bicarbonate in screening for OHS, and diagnostic criteria for OHS that eliminate the need for polysomnography. In addition, we review advances in the treatment of OHS, including behavioral measures, and recent studies comparing the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure with that of noninvasive ventilation.RESUMO A s índrome de obesidade-hipoventilação (SOH) é definida pela presença de obesidade (índice de massa corpórea ≥ 30 kg/m2) e hipercapnia arterial diurna (PaCO2 ≥ 45 mmHg), na aus ência de outras causas. A SOH é frequentemente negligenciada e confundida com outras patologias associadas à hipoventilação, em particular à DPOC. A importância do reconhecimento da SOH se dá por sua elevada prevalência, assim como alta morbidade e mortalidade se não tratada. Na presente r evisão, abordamos os recentes avanços na fisiopatol...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research