The conserved theme of ribosome hibernation: from bacteria to chloroplasts of plants.

The conserved theme of ribosome hibernation: from bacteria to chloroplasts of plants. Biol Chem. 2018 Dec 01;: Authors: Trösch R, Willmund F Abstract Cells are highly adaptive systems that respond and adapt to changing environmental conditions such as temperature fluctuations or altered nutrient availability. Such acclimation processes involve reprogramming of the cellular gene-expression profile, tuning of protein synthesis, remodelling of metabolic pathways and morphological changes of the cell shape. Nutrient starvation can lead to limited energy supply and consequently, remodelling of protein synthesis is one of the key steps of regulation since the translation of the genetic code into functional polypeptides may consume up to 40% of a cell's energy during proliferation. In eukaryotic cells, downregulation of protein synthesis during stress is mainly mediated by modification of the translation initiation factors. Prokaryotic cells suppress protein synthesis by the active formation of dimeric so-called "hibernating" 100S ribosome complexes. Such a transition involves a number of proteins which are found in various forms in prokaryotes but also in chloroplasts of plants. We review here the current understanding of these hibernation factors and elaborate conserved principles which are shared between prokaryotic and plant species. PMID: 30653464 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biological Chemistry - Category: Chemistry Tags: Biol Chem Source Type: research