Liver Regeneration after Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Liver Regeneration after Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Am J Pathol. 2019 Jan 14;: Authors: Bhushan B, Apte U Abstract Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the most common cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in the western world with limited treatment opportunities. For years, the research on APAP overdose has been focused on investigating mechanisms of hepatotoxicity with limited success in advancing therapeutic strategies. Acute liver injury after any insult, including APAP overdose, is followed by compensatory liver regeneration, which promotes recovery and is a critical determinant of the final outcome. Liver regeneration after APAP-induced liver injury is dose-dependent and impaired after severe APAP overdose. Although robust regenerative response is associated with spontaneous recovery and survival, impaired regeneration results in faster progression of injury and death following APAP overdose. APAP hepatotoxicity-induced liver regeneration involves a complex time and dose-dependent interplay of several signaling mediators including growth factors, cytokines, angiogenic factors, and other mitogenic pathways. Compared to the liver injury, which is established before a majority of patients seek medical attention and has proven to be difficult to manipulate, liver regeneration can be potentially modulated even at the late stage of APAP-induced ALF. Despite recent efforts to study mechanisms of l...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - Category: Pathology Authors: Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research