Thyroid Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus : Two Closely Associated Disorders.

Thyroid Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus : Two Closely Associated Disorders. Endocr Rev. 2019 Jan 14;: Authors: Biondi B, Kahaly GJ, Robertson RP Abstract Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus are closely linked. Several studies have documented the increased prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus and viceversa. This review critically discusses the different underlying mechanisms linking type 1 and 2 diabetes and thyroid dysfunction to demonstrate that the association of these two common disorders is unlikely a simple coincidence. We assess the current state of knowledge on the central and peripheral control of thyroid hormone on food intake and glucose and lipid metabolism in target tissues (such as liver, white and brown adipose tissue, pancreatic beta cells and skeletal muscle) to explain the mechanism linking overt and subclinical hypothyroidism to type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. We also elucidate the common susceptibility genes and the pathogenetic mechanisms contributing to the autoimmune mechanism involved in the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroid disorders. An untreated thyroid dysfunction can impair the metabolic control of diabetic patients and this association can have important repercussions on the outcome of both these disorders. Therefore, we offer recommendations for the diagnosis, management and screening of thyroid disorders in patients with diabetes melli...
Source: Endocrine Reviews - Category: Endocrinology Tags: Endocr Rev Source Type: research