Animal models for cartilage repair.

Animal models for cartilage repair. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2018 Nov-Dec;32(6 Suppl. 1):105-116 Authors: Tessaro I, Nguyen VT, Di Giancamillo A, Agnoletto M, Verdoni F, Domenicucci M, Scurati R, Peretti GM, Mangiavini L Abstract Cartilage lesions still represent an unsolved problem: despite the efforts of the basic and translational research, the regeneration of this tissue is far from being reached (1-3). Articular cartilage lesions can be divided in two main groups: superficial or partial defects and full-thickness defects (4, 5). Partial lesions are not able to self-heal because multipotent cells from the bone marrow cannot reach the area leading to a progressive degeneration of the tissue (6). Conversely, full-thickness injuries possess greater chances to heal because subchondral bone involvement allows for the migration of mesenchymal cells, which fill the damaged area (7, 8). However, healing occurs through the formation of a fibrocartilaginous tissue, which has different biomechanical and biological properties (9). Native hyaline cartilage has indeed specific biomechanical properties, which confer resistance to compressive and shear stresses; the reparative fibrocartilaginous tissue lacks these abilities, therefore, the surrounding healthy cartilage progressively degenerates. In the past years, several therapeutic strategies have been developed to restore the damaged cartilage, bone marrow stimulation (chondroabrasion, dr...
Source: Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents - Category: Biomedical Science Tags: J Biol Regul Homeost Agents Source Type: research