Delivery of Novel Vancomycin Nanoplexes for Combating Methicillin Resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infections

Publication date: Available online 12 January 2019Source: International Journal of PharmaceuticsAuthor(s): Daniel Hassan, Calvin A. Omolo, Ramesh Gannimani, Ayman Y. Waddad, Chunderika Mocktar, Sanjeev Rambharose, Nikhil Agrawal, Thirumala GovenderAbstractThe development of novel antibiotic systems is needed to address the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. The aim of the study was to explore the novel nanoplex delivery method for vancomycin (VCM) against MRSA using dextran sulfate sodium salt (DXT) as a polyelectrolyte complexing agent. Nanoplexes were formulated by the self-assembling amphiphile polyelectrolyte complexation method and characterized. The size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) of the optimized VCM nanoplexes were 84.6 ± 4.248 nm, 0.449 ± 0.024 and -33.0 ± 4.87 mV respectively, with 90.4 ± 0.77 % complexation efficiency (CE %) and 62.3 ± 0.23 % drug loading. The in vitro (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium (MTT) studies of the nanoplexes were found to be non-toxic against different mammalian cell lines tested and may confirm its biosafety. While the in vitro drug release studies demonstrated sustained slower release. The in silico study confirmed the spontaneous interaction of VCM with DXT in the presence of sodium chloride. A 6.24-fold enhancement was observed for VCM nanoplexes via in vitro antibacterial studies. Flow-cytometric analysis showed effective cell kill...
Source: International Journal of Pharmaceutics - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research