Effects of Cigarette Smoking and Clozapine Treatment on 20-Year All-Cause & amp; Cardiovascular Mortality in Schizophrenia

AbstractTo estimate 20-year mortality risk in people with schizophrenia treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) and examine the effects of cigarette smoking on mortality. Of the 1199 individuals with schizophrenia in the study, estimated 20-year all-cause mortality risk by Kaplan Meier Curve was 30% and leading causes of death included 27% cardiovascular disease, 13% cancer, 12% non-HIV infection, 5% respiratory causes, 20% other causes and 18% had unknown cause of death. For all-cause mortality, we found that white race and male sex were significant risk factors (HR  = 1.5,p = 0.002 and HR = 1.33,p = 0.033, respectively). For cardiovascular mortality risk, we showed that cigarette smokers and white race were at higher risk (HR = 1.86,p = 0.017 and HR = 1.71,p = 0.045, respectively). Cardiovascular mortality risk at 20-years is 11%. Kaplan-Meier Survival Curve showed a statistical difference for smokers and non-smokers in cardiovascular mortality over the 20-year follow-up (Log rank chi-square = 5.35, df = 1,p = 0.02). 20-year all-cause mortality risk for individuals with schizophrenia was found to be 30% with cardiovascular disease as a leading cause. Cigarette smokers and white race were associated with an increased risk of death. Regarding cardiovascular mortality specifically, cigarette smoking i ncreased risk by 86% over a 20-year period. Clozapine was neither a risk factor for all-neither cause nor cardiovascular m...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research