Cyto/genotoxicological evaluation of hot spots of soil pollution using Allium bioassays in relation to geochemistry

Publication date: Available online 4 January 2019Source: Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental MutagenesisAuthor(s): Asta Stapulionytė, Violeta Kleizaitė, Raimondas Šiukšta, Donatas Žvingila, Ričardas Taraškevičius, Tatjana ČėsnienėAbstractSoil from industrial and landfill sites affected by anthropogenic activity was screened for implicit negative effects in an Allium test-system in relation to geochemistry. The concentrations of 15 elements were compared to the ecotoxicologically-based soil guideline values. Admitted geoindices were used to classify test-soils according to risk/hazard categories. Test-soils were screened for the possible deleterious effects in common onion (Allium cepa L.) by employing a test battery of cytogenetic bioassays (root growth inhibition, mitotic activity, frequency of chromosome aberrations and micronuclei, and cell death rate) complemented with two assays of molecular DNA markers, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). Soil from industrial sites was more severely polluted and more cytotoxic for onions compared to soil from landfill sites. However, the cyto/genotoxic outcome of soil exposure in A. cepa was the same for all test-soils; the detrimental effects were observed in onions treated with every test-soil. Thus, test-soils could not be classified as non- and genotoxic, although certain of them had permissible contamination levels. The chromosome aberration frequency and ce...
Source: Mutation Research Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis - Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research