Buzz ‐pollination in Neotropical bees: genus‐dependent frequencies and lack of optimal frequency for pollen release

AbstractOver 50 genera of bees release pollen from flower anthers using thoracic vibrations, a phenomenon known as buzz ‐pollination. The efficiency of this process is directly affected by the mechanical properties of the buzzes, namely the duration, amplitude, and frequency. Nonetheless, although the effects of the former two properties are well described, the role of buzz frequency on pollen release remains uncle ar. Furthermore, nearly all of the existing studies describing vibrational properties of natural buzz‐pollination are limited to bumblebees (Bombus) and carpenter bees (Xylocopa) constraining our current understanding of this behavior and its evolution. Therefore, we attempted to minimize this shortcoming by testing whether flower anthers exhibit optimal frequency for pollen release and whether bees tune their buzzes to match these (optimal) frequencies. If true, certain frequencies will trigger more pollen release and lighter bees will reach buzz frequencies closer to this optimum to compensate their smaller buzz amplitudes. Two strategies were used to test these hypotheses: (i) the use of (artificial) vibrational playbacks in a broad range of buzz frequencies and amplitudes to assess pollen release by tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and (ii) the recording of natural buzzes of Neotropical bees visiting tomato plants during pollination. The playback experiment indicates that although buzz frequency does affect pollen release, no optimal frequency exists...

Source: Insect Science - June 13, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Conrado Augusto Rosi ‐Denadai, Priscila Cássia Souza Araújo, Lucio Antônio de Oliveira Campos, Lirio Cosme, Raul Narciso Carvalho Guedes Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research