Induction of herpes simplex virus type 1 cell-to-cell spread inhibiting antibodies by a calcium phosphate nanoparticle-based vaccine

Publication date: Available online 27 December 2018Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and MedicineAuthor(s): Mathis Kopp, Ulrich Wilhelm Aufderhorst, Mira Alt, Ulf Dittmer, Anna-Maria Eis-Hübinger, Bernd Giebel, Michael Roggendorf, Matthias Epple, Adalbert KrawczykAbstractHerpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 are among the most ubiquitous human infections and persist lifelong in their host. Upon primary infection or reactivation from ganglia, the viruses spread by direct cell–cell contacts (cell-to-cell spread) and thus escape from the host immune response. We have developed a monoclonal antibody (mAb 2c), which inhibits the HSV cell-to-cell spread, thereby protecting from lethal genital infection and blindness in animal models. In the present study we have designed a nanoparticle-based vaccine to induce protective antibody responses exceeding the cell-to-cell spread inhibiting properties of mAb 2c. We used biodegradable calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles coated with a synthetic peptide that represents the conformational epitope on HSV-1 gB recognized by mAb 2c. The CaP nanoparticles additionally contained a TLR-ligand CpGm and were formulated with adjuvants to facilitate the humoral immune response. This vaccine effectively protected mice from lethal HSV-1 infection by inducing cell-to-cell spread inhibiting antibodies.Graphical AbstractInfections with the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) can cause painful blisters or ulcers at the site of infection. In immunoco...
Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine - Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research