Acute Exposure to a Glyphosate-Containing Herbicide Formulation Inhibits Complex II and Increases Hydrogen Peroxide in the Model Organism Caenorhabditis elegans

Publication date: Available online 24 December 2018Source: Environmental Toxicology and PharmacologyAuthor(s): Shelbie L. Burchfield, Denise C. Bailey, Callie E. Todt, Rachel D. Denney, Rekek Negga, Vanessa A. FitsanakisAbstractGlyphosate-based herbicides, such as Touchdown (TD) and Roundup, are among the most heavily-used herbicides in the world. While the active ingredient is generally considered non-toxic, the toxicity resulting from exposure to commercially-sold formulations is less clear. In many cases, cell cultures or various model organisms exposed to glyphosate formulations show toxicity and, in some cases, lethality. Using Caenorhabditis elegans, we assessed potential toxic mechanisms through which a highly-concentrated commercial formulation of TD promotes neurodegeneration. Following a 30-minute treatment, we assayed mitochondrial electron transport chain function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Initial oxygen consumption studies indicated general mitochondrial inhibition compared to controls (*p < 0.05). When Complex II activity was further assessed, inhibition was observed in all TD-treated groups (*p < 0.05). Complex IV activity, however, was not adversely affected by TD. This electron transport chain inhibition also resulted in reduced ATP levels (*p < 0.05). Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide levels, but not other ROS, were increased (*p < 0.05). Taken together, these data indicate that commercially-available formulat...
Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology - Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research