Structural insights into thermostabilization of leucine dehydrogenase from its atomic structure by cryo-electron microscopy

Publication date: Available online 10 December 2018Source: Journal of Structural BiologyAuthor(s): Hiroki Yamaguchi, Akiko Kamegawa, Kunio Nakata, Tatsuki Kashiwagi, Toshimi Mizukoshi, Yoshinori Fujiyoshi, Kazutoshi TaniAbstractLeucine dehydrogenase (LDH, EC 1.4.1.9) is a NAD+-dependent oxidoreductase that catalyzes the deamination of branched-chain L-amino acids (BCAAs). LDH of Geobacillus stearothermophilus (GstLDH) is a highly thermostable enzyme that has been applied for the quantification or production of BCAAs. Here the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of apo and NAD+-bound LDH are reported at 3.0 and 3.2 Å resolution, respectively. On comparing the structures, the two overall structures are almost identical, but it was observed that the partial conformational change was triggered by the interaction between Ser147 and the nicotinamide moiety of NAD+. NAD+ binding also enhanced the strength of oligomerization interfaces formed by the core domains. Such additional interdomain interaction is in good agreement with our experimental results showing that the residual activity of NAD+-bound form was approximately three times higher than that of the apo form after incubation at 80°C. In addition, sequence comparison of three structurally known LDHs indicated a set of candidates for site-directed mutagenesis to improve thermostability. Subsequent mutation analysis actually revealed that non-conserved residues, including Ala94, Tyr127, and the C-terminal region, ar...

Source: Journal of Structural Biology - December 11, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research