Healthcare utilization, provisioning of post-exposure prophylaxis, and estimation of human rabies burden in Madagascar.

Healthcare utilization, provisioning of post-exposure prophylaxis, and estimation of human rabies burden in Madagascar.
Vaccine. 2018 Nov 30;:
Authors: Rajeev M, Edosoa G, Hanitriniaina C, Andriamandimby SF, Guis H, Ramiandrasoa R, Ratovoson R, Randrianasolo L, Andriamananjara M, Heraud JM, Baril L, Metcalf CJE, Hampson K
Abstract
In Madagascar, dog-mediated rabies has been endemic for over a century, however there is little data on its incidence or impact. We collected data over a 16-month period on provisioning of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) at a focal clinic in the Moramanga District and determined the rabies status of biting animals using clinical and laboratory diagnosis. We find that animal rabies cases are widespread, and clinic-based triage and investigation are effective ways to increase detection of rabies exposures and to rule out non-cases. A high proportion of rabies-exposed persons from Moramanga sought (84%) and completed PEP (90% of those that initiated PEP), likely reflecting the access and free provisioning of PEP in the district. Current clinic vial sharing practices demonstrate the potential for intradermal administration of PEP in endemic African settings, reducing vaccine use by 50% in comparison to intramuscular administration. A high proportion of PEP demand was attributed to rabies cases, with approximately 20% of PEP administered to probable rabies exposures and an additional 20% to low-to-no risk contac...

Source: Vaccine - November 30, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Rajeev M, Edosoa G, Hanitriniaina C, Andriamandimby SF, Guis H, Ramiandrasoa R, Ratovoson R, Randrianasolo L, Andriamananjara M, Heraud JM, Baril L, Metcalf CJE, Hampson K Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research