A neonatal oral Mycobacterium tuberculosis-SIV prime/intramuscular MVA-SIV boost combination vaccine induces both SIV and Mtb-specific immune responses in infant macaques

Publication date: 2013 Source:Trials in Vaccinology, Volume 2 Author(s): Kara Jensen , Myra Grace dela Pena , Robert L. Wilson , Uma Devi K. Ranganathan , William R. Jacobs Jr. , Glenn Fennelly , Michelle Larsen , Koen K.A. Van Rompay , Pamela A. Kozlowski , Kristina Abel Mother-to-child-transmission of HIV by breast-feeding remains a major obstacle in the eradication of HIV infection. Compared to adults, HIV-infected infants have more rapid disease and show higher susceptibility to co-infections like tuberculosis (TB). Although the Bacille Calmette–Guérin vaccine can be administered at birth to protect against TB, BCG can disseminate in HIV-infected infants and increase mortality. Thus, a pediatric combination vaccine to stop both HIV and TB infection in infants is urgently needed. Towards the goal of developing a pediatric combination HIV-TB vaccine to prevent both oral HIV acquisition by breast-feeding and TB infection, we tested and optimized an immunization regimen using a novel live attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine engineered to express simian immunodeficiency (SIV) antigens followed by heterologous MVA-SIV boosting in the infant macaque model. A single oral dose of the attenuated Mtb-SIV vaccine strain mc26435 during the first week of life was sufficient to induce persistent TB-specific immune responses. SIV-specific immunity was induced at low but comparable magnitudes after oral or intradermal priming, and was enhanced following MVA-SIV ...
Source: Trials in Vaccinology - Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research