An enzyme-based electrochemical biosensor probe with sensitivity to detect astrocytic versus glioma uptake of glutamate in real time in vitro

Publication date: Available online 16 November 2018Source: Biosensors and BioelectronicsAuthor(s): Jessica L. Scoggin, Chao Tan, Nam H. Nguyen, Urna Kansakar, Mahboubeh Madadi, Shabnam Siddiqui, Prabhu U. Arumugam, Mark A. DeCoster, Teresa A. MurrayAbstractGlutamate, a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, is essential for regulation of thought, movement, memory, and other higher functions controlled by the brain. Dysregulation of glutamate signaling is associated with severe neuropathological conditions, such as epilepsy, and glioma, a form of brain cancer. Glutamate signals are currently detected by several types of neurochemical probes ranging from microdialysis-based to enzyme-based carbon fiber microsensors. However, an important technology gap exists in the ability to measure glutamate dynamics continuously, and in real time, and from multiple locations in the brain, which limits our ability to further understand the involved spatiotemporal mechanisms of underlying neuropathologies. To overcome this limitation, we developed an enzymatic glutamate microbiosensor, in the form of a ceramic-substrate enabled platinum microelectrode array, that continuously, in real time, measures changes in glutamate concentration from multiple recording sites. In addition, the developed microbiosensor is almost four-fold more sensitive to glutamate than enzymatic sensors previously reported in the literature. Further analysis of glutamate dynamics recorded by our...
Source: Biosensors and Bioelectronics - Category: Biotechnology Source Type: research