Mitochondrial quality control in cardiac cells: Mechanisms and role in cardiac cell injury and disease

Parkin ‐mediated mitophagy in Drosophila heart. (a) Parkin deficiency in Drosophila heart impaired mitophagy and led to the development of dilated cardiomyopathy. (b) Simultaneous deletion of mitochondrial assembly regulatory factor and Parkin rescued cardiomyopathy (Bhandari et al.,#jcp27597-bib-0005).#jcp27597-bib-0005 AbstractMitochondria play an important role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis by supplying the major energy required for cardiac excitation –contraction coupling as well as controlling the key intracellular survival and death pathways. Healthy mitochondria generate ATP molecules through an aerobic process known as oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Mitochondrial injury during myocardial infarction (MI) impairs OXPHOS and results in t he excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), bioenergetic insufficiency, and contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, mitochondrial biogenesis along with proper mitochondrial quality control machinery, which removes unhealthy mitochondria is pivotal for mito chondrial homeostasis and cardiac health. Upon damage to the mitochondrial network, mitochondrial quality control components are recruited to segregate the unhealthy mitochondria and target aberrant mitochondrial proteins for degradation and elimination. Impairment of mitochondrial quality control a nd accumulation of abnormal mitochondria have been reported in the pathogenesis of various cardiac disorders and heart failure. Her...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - Category: Cytology Authors: Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research