Mechanisms underlying acquired platinum resistance in high grade serous ovarian cancer - a mini review

Publication date: Available online 10 November 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General SubjectsAuthor(s): Mudra Binju, Monica Amaya Padilla, Terence Singomat, Pritinder Kaur, Yohan Suryo Rahmanto, Paul Cohen, Yu YuAbstractBackgroundAdvanced epithelial ovarian cancer is one of the hardest human malignancies to treat. Standard treatment involves cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy, however, median progression-free survival for patients diagnosed with advanced stage disease (FIGO stages III and IV) is approximately 18 months. There has been little improvement in overall survival over the past decade and less than half of women with advanced stage disease will be living 5 years after diagnosis. A majority of patients initially have a favourable response to platinum-based chemotherapy, but most will eventually relapse and their disease will become platinum resistant.Scope of reviewHere, we review our current understanding of mechanisms that promote recurrence and acquired resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer with particular focus on studies that describe differences observed between untreated primary tumors and recurrent tumors, post-first-line chemotherapy. Multiple molecular mechanisms contribute to recurrence in patients following initial treatment for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer including those involving the tumor microenvironment, tumor immune status, cancer stem cells, DNA repair/cell survival pathways and extracellular matri...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) General Subjects - Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research