A MAPK/c-Jun-mediated switch regulates the initial adaptive and cell death responses to mitochondrial damage in a neuronal cell model.
A MAPK/c-Jun-mediated switch regulates the initial adaptive and cell death responses to mitochondrial damage in a neuronal cell model.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2018 Sep 17;:
Authors: Ryan TA, Roper KM, Bond J, Bell SM, Sweeney ST, Morrison EE
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is defined by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are associated with PD although it is not fully understood how neurons respond to these stresses. How adaptive and apoptotic neuronal stress response pathways are regulated and the thresholds at which they are activated remains ambiguous. Utilising SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, we show that MAPK/AP-1 pathways are critical in regulating the response to mitochondrial uncoupling. Here we found the AP-1 transcription factor c-Jun can act in either a pro- or anti-apoptotic manner, depending on the level of stress. JNK-mediated cell death in differentiated cells only occurred once a threshold of stress was surpassed. We also identified a novel feedback loop between Parkin activity and the c-Jun response, suggesting defective mitophagy may initiate MAPK/c-Jun-mediated neuronal loss observed in PD. Our data supports the hypothesis that blocking cell death pathways upstream of c-Jun as a therapeutic target in PD may not be appropriate due to crossover of the pro- and anti-apoptotic responses. Boosting adaptive responses or targeting specific aspects of the neuronal d...
Source: The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology - Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ryan TA, Roper KM, Bond J, Bell SM, Sweeney ST, Morrison EE Tags: Int J Biochem Cell Biol Source Type: research
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