Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for live cell pH imaging

Publication date: Available online 20 September 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General SubjectsAuthor(s): Vladimir I. Martynov, Alexey A. Pakhomov, Igor E. Deyev, Alexander G. PetrenkoAbstractBackgroundIntracellular pH underlies most cellular processes. There is emerging evidence of a pH-signaling role in plant cells and microorganisms. Dysregulation of pH is associated with human diseases, such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease.Scope of reviewIn this review, we attempt to provide a summary of the progress that has been made in the field during the past two decades. First, we present an overview of the current state of the design and applications of fluorescent protein (FP)-based pH indicators. Then, we turn our attention to the development and applications of hybrid pH sensors that combine the capabilities of non-GFP fluorophores with the advantages of genetically encoded tags. Finally, we discuss recent advances in multicolor pH imaging and the applications of genetically encoded pH sensors in multiparameter imaging.Major conclusionsGenetically encoded pH sensors have proven to be indispensable noninvasive tools for selective targeting to different cellular locations. Although a variety of genetically encoded pH sensors have been designed and applied at the single cell level, there is still much room for improvements and future developments of novel powerful tools for pH imaging. Among the most pressing challenges in this area is the design of brighter re...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) General Subjects - Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research