Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity of diclofenac-loaded chitosan nanoparticles

Publication date: Available online 29 August 2018Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical JournalAuthor(s): Fulwah Yahya Alqahtani, Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy, Eram El Tahir, Bushra T. AlQuadeib, Ibrahim A. Alsarra, Jouri S. Alanazi, Hosam Gharib AbdelhadyAbstractEmerging antibiotic resistance necessitates the development of new therapeutic approaches. Many studies have reported the antimicrobial activity of diclofenac sodium (DIC) and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs). Hence, this study aimed to prepare non-antibiotic DIC-loaded CNPs (DIC.CNPs) and characterize their in vitro antibacterial activity. DIC.CNPs were prepared from low and high molecular weight (LMW and HMW, respectively) chitosan using an ionic gelation method. Prepared NPs were characterized, and their antibacterial activity against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis was evaluated using the agar diffusion and broth dilution methods. The particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency of the formulated DIC.CNPs increased with increasing MW of chitosan. The prepared NPs showed a narrow size distribution with low PDI values (0.18 and 0.24) and encapsulation efficiency (29.3% and 31.1%) for LMW.DIC.CNPs and HMW.DIC.CNPs, respectively. The in vitro release profile of DIC from the DIC.CNPs was biphasic with a burst release followed by slow release and was influenced by the MW of chitosan. DIC.CNPs exhibited significantly higher antibacterial activity against S. aureus (minimum inhibitory co...
Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research