Anti-type 2 transglutaminase antibodies as modulators of type 2 transglutaminase functions: a possible pathological role in celiac disease.

Anti-type 2 transglutaminase antibodies as modulators of type 2 transglutaminase functions: a possible pathological role in celiac disease. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2018 Aug 22;: Authors: Martucciello S, Paolella G, Esposito C, Lepretti M, Caputo I Abstract Auto-antibodies to the ubiquitous enzyme type-2 transglutaminase (TG2) are a specific hallmark of celiac disease (CD), a widely diffused, multi-factorial disease, affecting genetically predisposed subjects. In CD an inflammatory response, at the intestinal level, is triggered by diet consumption of gluten-containing cereals. Intestinal mucosa displays various degrees of atrophy and hyperplasia, with consequent global intestinal dysfunction and other relevant extra-intestinal symptoms. Through deamidation of specific glutamines of gluten-derived gliadin peptides, TG2 strongly enhances gliadin immunogenicity. In addition, TG2 cross-linking activity may generate complexes between TG2 itself and gliadin peptides, and these complexes seem to cause the auto-immune response by means of an apten-carrier-like mechanism of antigen presentation. Anti-TG2 antibodies can be early detected in the intestinal mucosa of celiac patients and are also abundantly present into the serum, thus potentially reaching other organs and tissues by blood circulation. Recently, the possible pathogenetic role of auto-antibodies to TG2 in CD has been investigated. Here, we report an overview about the genesis of these ...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS - Category: Cytology Authors: Tags: Cell Mol Life Sci Source Type: research