Calorie restriction and reversal of type 2 diabetes.
Calorie restriction and reversal of type 2 diabetes.
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Nov;11(6):521-528
Authors: Taylor R
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes causes major global health problems and has been believed to be a lifelong condition with inevitable worsening. Steadily increasing numbers of drugs appeared to be required to achieve even modest control. Early type 2 diabetes has now been shown to be reversed by substantial weight loss and this has allowed temporal tracking of the underlying pathophysiological changes. Areas covered: In early type 2 diabetes, negative calorie balance decreases liver fat within days, and allows return of normal control of hepatic glucose production. Over 8 weeks, the negative calorie balance allows the raised levels of intra-pancreatic fat and simultaneously first phase insulin secretion to normalise. These findings are consistent with the 2008 Twin Cycle Hypothesis of the etiology and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Individuals develop type 2 diabetes when they exceed their personal fat threshold for safe storage of fat and there is no difference in pathophysiology between those with BMI above or below 30 kg/m2. Expert commentary: Type 2 diabetes can now be understood as a state of excess fat in liver and pancreas, and remains reversible for at least 10 years in most individuals.
PMID: 30058916 [PubMed]
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - Category: Endocrinology Tags: Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
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