Appraisal of mechanisms of radioprotection and therapeutic approaches of radiation countermeasures.
Appraisal of mechanisms of radioprotection and therapeutic approaches of radiation countermeasures.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Jul 03;106:610-617
Authors: Mishra KN, Moftah BA, Alsbeih GA
Abstract
Radiation countermeasures are radioprotective agents that reduce the harmful effects of ionizing radiation. They have wide range of applications extending from protection of normal tissues of cancer patients during radiotherapy to safeguard people aftermath of radiologic or nuclear accidents. Despite the screening of thousands of natural and synthetic compounds, only few found place in clinic with limited tolerance. Therefore, mechanistic understanding is essential in the development of more suitable and customized radiation countermeasure agents. This review focuses on the mechanisms of radioprotection imparted by these agents. Radioprotectors are diverse and act through widely varying mechanisms that can be classified in 10 categories: 1) scavenging of free radicals; 2) enhancing DNA repair; 3) synchronizing of cells; 4) modulating redox sensitive genes; 5) modulating growth factors and cytokines; 6) inhibiting apoptosis; 7) repurposing of drug; 8) interacting and chelating of radionuclides; and therapeutic methods of tissue regeneration such as 9) gene therapy; and 10) stem cell therapy. The most common mechanism of radioprotection is the scavenging of free radicals whereas, modulation of growth factors, cytokines and redox genes emerge a...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mishra KN, Moftah BA, Alsbeih GA Tags: Biomed Pharmacother Source Type: research
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