2-Arachidonoylglycerol: A signaling lipid with manifold actions in the brain

Publication date: July 2018Source: Progress in Lipid Research, Volume 71Author(s): Marc P. Baggelaar, Mauro Maccarrone, Mario van der SteltAbstract2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is a signaling lipid in the central nervous system that is a key regulator of neurotransmitter release. 2-AG is an endocannabinoid that activates the cannabinoid CB1 receptor. It is involved in a wide array of (patho)physiological functions, such as emotion, cognition, energy balance, pain sensation and neuroinflammation. In this review, we describe the biosynthetic and metabolic pathways of 2-AG and how chemical and genetic perturbation of these pathways has led to insight in the biological role of this signaling lipid. Finally, we discuss the potential therapeutic benefits of modulating 2-AG levels in the brain.
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - Category: Lipidology Source Type: research