Heart failure symptom science: Is adrenergic dysregulation a missing link?

Heart failure (HF), a complex and heterogeneous epidemic, manifested by disabling physical symptoms like dyspnea and fatigue, and affective symptoms like depression and anxiety, is the fastest growing cardiovascular disorder in the U.S. and the number one reason for hospitalization among older adults.1,2 Notwithstanding various etiological and structural characteristics (e.g. ischemic vs. non-ischemic, reduced vs. preserved ejection fraction, etc.), hallmark symptoms like dyspnea and fatigue are what connect varied cases of HF together under a single diagnosis.

Source: Heart and Lung - June 28, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Christopher S. Lee, Susan J. Pressler Tags: Symptom Science in Heart Failure: Editors: Christopher S. Lee, PhD, RN, FAHA, FAAN, FHFSA; Susan J. Pressler, PhD, RN, FAAN, FAHA Source Type: research