The Effect of Psychosocial Measures of Resilience and Self-Efficacy in Patients with Neck and Lower Back Pain

Psychosocial risk factors may predispose to progression of back and neck pain to chronic pain or disability. Resilience (the ability to recover from stress) and pain self-efficacy (confidence that one can perform daily activities despite pain) are important psychometric properties shown to affect health and illness.
Source: The Spine Journal - Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Source Type: research