IJERPH, Vol. 15, Pages 1248: Residential Greenness and Birthweight in the State of Massachusetts, USA
IJERPH, Vol. 15, Pages 1248: Residential Greenness and Birthweight in the State of Massachusetts, USA
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health doi: 10.3390/ijerph15061248
Authors:
Kelvin C. Fong
Itai Kloog
Brent A. Coull
Petros Koutrakis
Francine Laden
Joel D. Schwartz
Peter James
Natural vegetation, or greenness, may benefit maternal health and consequently, fetal growth, by providing opportunities for physical activity and psychological restoration, and decreasing detrimental environmental exposures. We retrieved Massachusetts Birth Registry data from 2001–2013 and investigated the association between residential greenness and birthweight in full-term births (≥37 weeks gestation). We calculated average residential greenness during pregnancy using 250 m normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from satellites. We estimated associations between greenness and continuous birthweight, term low birthweight (TLBW: <2500 g), and small for gestational age (SGA: <10th percentile of birthweight stratified by sex and gestational age) adjusted for individual and neighborhood covariates and considered nonlinearity and effect modification. Higher greenness exposure was associated with higher birthweight with stronger associations in the lower than higher range of greenness. Greenness was associated with lower odds of TLBW (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.97, 0.99 per 0.1 increase in NDVI) and SGA (OR 0.98; ...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - Category: Environmental Health Authors: Kelvin C. Fong Itai Kloog Brent A. Coull Petros Koutrakis Francine Laden Joel D. Schwartz Peter James Tags: Article Source Type: research
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