Immunometabolic changes in hepatocytes arising from obesity and the practice of physical exercise.

Immunometabolic changes in hepatocytes arising from obesity and the practice of physical exercise. Curr Pharm Des. 2018 May 14;: Authors: Monteiro PA, Prado W, Dos Santos Tenório TR, Tomaz LM, St-Pierre DH, Lira FS Abstract Over the recent years, a particular interest was shown towards understanding the roles of excessive hepatic fat accumulation and the development of obesity-related diseases. While hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation seems to be a response to the systemic increase of insulin release, fatty acid metabolites contribute to the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It is widely accepted that NAFLD is a polygenic and multifactorial disease under the influence of critical behavioral factors such as overeating and sedentary lifestyles. The progression of the disease is proposed to include the accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes, but liver damage would be mainly initiated through an exaggerated activation of the immune system. This inflammatory response would be triggered by the increase in cytokine production followed by TLR-4 activation and NF-kB pathways. Interestingly, cytokines as IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 acts as anti-inflammatory in response to exercise and thus, could play an important role in the restoration liver functions in diseased conditions. Strategies of healthy life behaviors including nutrition and regular physical exercise are recommended...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research