Opioids in oral fluid of Spanish drivers

Opioids are currently being used in the management of pain, in anesthesia and for treatment of a cough. Their unwanted effects profile is well known. While abuse of heroin and other opioids was a concern for a long time, the recent increase in prescription opioid misuse is currently a big problem worldwide (Brady et al., 2016; Volkow and McLellan, 2016; Van Amsterdam and van den Brink, 2015). Improving prescription of these drugs is, therefore, an urgent need, especially to combat risks for addiction, overdose, and death (Cheatle and Barker, 2014; NIDA, 2017).
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - Category: Addiction Authors: Tags: Full length article Source Type: research